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    <title>제주살이</title>
    <link>https://jejulawyer.tistory.com/</link>
    <description>제주살이 블로그</description>
    <language>ko</language>
    <pubDate>Sun, 17 May 2026 10:39:43 +0900</pubDate>
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    <ttl>100</ttl>
    <managingEditor>탐나는</managingEditor>
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      <title>제주살이</title>
      <url>https://t1.daumcdn.net/cfile/tistory/2163054753F1952419</url>
      <link>https://jejulawyer.tistory.com</link>
    </image>
    <item>
      <title>양평 산나물 테마공원 두메향기 맛집 산</title>
      <link>https://jejulawyer.tistory.com/187</link>
      <description>&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot;&gt;양평 산나물 테마공원 두메향기 맛집 산&lt;br&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;imageblock&quot; style=&quot;display: inline-block; width: 700px;  height: auto; max-width: 100%;&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://t1.daumcdn.net/cfile/tistory/998F7A3359D1F29422&quot; srcset=&quot;https://img1.daumcdn.net/thumb/R1280x0/?scode=mtistory2&amp;fname=https%3A%2F%2Ft1.daumcdn.net%2Fcfile%2Ftistory%2F998F7A3359D1F29422&quot; width=&quot;700&quot; height=&quot;1244&quot; filename=&quot;cbafda5e5d266f598002f4754202fcab.jpg&quot; filemime=&quot;image/jpeg&quot;/&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;imageblock&quot; style=&quot;display: inline-block; width: 700px;  height: auto; max-width: 100%;&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://t1.daumcdn.net/cfile/tistory/9948C73359D1F2962A&quot; srcset=&quot;https://img1.daumcdn.net/thumb/R1280x0/?scode=mtistory2&amp;fname=https%3A%2F%2Ft1.daumcdn.net%2Fcfile%2Ftistory%2F9948C73359D1F2962A&quot; width=&quot;700&quot; height=&quot;1244&quot; filename=&quot;d615dfacba46449e9c02ead50873d728.jpg&quot; filemime=&quot;image/jpeg&quot;/&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;imageblock&quot; style=&quot;display: inline-block; width: 700px;  height: auto; max-width: 100%;&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://t1.daumcdn.net/cfile/tistory/99482B3359D1F2980A&quot; srcset=&quot;https://img1.daumcdn.net/thumb/R1280x0/?scode=mtistory2&amp;fname=https%3A%2F%2Ft1.daumcdn.net%2Fcfile%2Ftistory%2F99482B3359D1F2980A&quot; width=&quot;700&quot; height=&quot;394&quot; filename=&quot;f45f31a65481f3fa68aa187358e3dfeb.jpg&quot; filemime=&quot;image/jpeg&quot;/&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;산나물 테마공원 경치 보며 먹기 좋음.&lt;br&gt;가격도 저렴&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</description>
      <category>오늘의 밥</category>
      <category>양평 두메향기 산나물 테마공원</category>
      <author>탐나는</author>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://jejulawyer.tistory.com/187</guid>
      <comments>https://jejulawyer.tistory.com/187#entry187comment</comments>
      <pubDate>Mon, 2 Oct 2017 17:02:34 +0900</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>장조림 미역국 조개무침 </title>
      <link>https://jejulawyer.tistory.com/185</link>
      <description>&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot;&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;imageblock&quot; style=&quot;display: inline-block; width: 500px;  height: auto; max-width: 100%;&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://t1.daumcdn.net/cfile/tistory/266F434058BC92C124&quot; srcset=&quot;https://img1.daumcdn.net/thumb/R1280x0/?scode=mtistory2&amp;fname=https%3A%2F%2Ft1.daumcdn.net%2Fcfile%2Ftistory%2F266F434058BC92C124&quot; width=&quot;500&quot; height=&quot;281&quot; filename=&quot;ad0bce812d45fc8a0a1944424f6e5571.jpg&quot; filemime=&quot;image/jpeg&quot;/&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;20170306 아침식사 &lt;br&gt;장조림 조개무침 샐러드 미역국 김치볶음 등&lt;br&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</description>
      <author>탐나는</author>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://jejulawyer.tistory.com/185</guid>
      <comments>https://jejulawyer.tistory.com/185#entry185comment</comments>
      <pubDate>Mon, 6 Mar 2017 07:35:48 +0900</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>소불고기 김치찌개 아침식사</title>
      <link>https://jejulawyer.tistory.com/184</link>
      <description>&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot;&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;imageblock&quot; style=&quot;display: inline-block; width: 500px;  height: auto; max-width: 100%;&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://t1.daumcdn.net/cfile/tistory/227C4E3A58B74F462A&quot; srcset=&quot;https://img1.daumcdn.net/thumb/R1280x0/?scode=mtistory2&amp;fname=https%3A%2F%2Ft1.daumcdn.net%2Fcfile%2Ftistory%2F227C4E3A58B74F462A&quot; width=&quot;500&quot; height=&quot;281&quot; filename=&quot;5d6574fbe7bdf37e5c41d67d944e3914.jpg&quot; filemime=&quot;image/jpeg&quot;/&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;소불고기 쌀밥 사과 상추 콩나물무침 연근 김치찌개&lt;br&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</description>
      <category>오늘의 밥</category>
      <author>탐나는</author>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://jejulawyer.tistory.com/184</guid>
      <comments>https://jejulawyer.tistory.com/184#entry184comment</comments>
      <pubDate>Thu, 2 Mar 2017 07:46:35 +0900</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>재무회계 부채 인식 liability</title>
      <link>https://jejulawyer.tistory.com/183</link>
      <description>&lt;P&gt;Asset Concepts&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;Definition -Probable future economic benefit -The firm controls because&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; of a past event or transaction &lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;LIABILITIES&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;Definition– Probable, future sacrifices of economic benefits, arising from present obligations to transfer assets or provide services in the future as a result of a past transaction. &lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;Recognition– (a) Represents a present obligation that exists (b) as a result of a past transaction (i.e., the obligating event) and requires probable future economic resources that can be quantified with sufficient reliability&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;Measurement – Most liabilities are financial, requiring settlement with cash or other assets&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;Liability Recognition and Measurement Examples&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;Let’s again consider the following transactions related to Samyang Ranchers. &lt;br /&gt;For each, we will decide whether the transaction gives rise to a liability under U.S. GAAP and IFRS. &lt;br /&gt;If Samyang recognizes a liability, state the account title, the amount, and the classification (current or noncurrent) on the balance sheet.&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;a)&amp;nbsp; Samyang agrees to sell 100 head of cattle for $500,000 to another rancher, when the cattle reach the age of 12 months. The calves are currently two months of age.&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;- no recognized &lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;b) The rancher in part (a) paid Samyang $200,000 in advance on the agreement in part (a).&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;-&amp;nbsp; &lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;c) Samyang borrowed $150,000 from the local bank to purchase additional feed. The terms of the loan call for the loan to be paid in equal installments over the next three years.&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;-&lt;br /&gt;&amp;nbsp;50,000 &lt;br /&gt;100,000 / 150,000&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;d) Samyang sold 10,000 shares of its common stock for $6 per share.&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;e) In exchange for an automatic salt dispenser, Samyang agrees to pay the vendor of this equipment $260,000 within 60 days.&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;- vendor 260 / cl 260,000 &lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;----&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;Contingencies&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;Liabilities that are of uncertain timing or amount or both are referred to in U.S. GAAP as&lt;br /&gt;LOSS CONTINGENCIES&lt;br /&gt;-No precise threshold; practice indicates approximately 80%.&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;&lt;br /&gt;IFRS refers to them as PROVISIONS&lt;br /&gt;- IFRS: Defines probable as more likely than not, which implies more than 50%. &lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;Contingencies and Commitments Examples&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;Let’s consider the following transactions related to Samyang Ranchers. &lt;br /&gt;For each, we will decide whether the transaction gives rise to a liability under U.S. GAAP and IFRS. &lt;br /&gt;If Samyang recognizes a liability, state the account title, the amount, and the classification (current or noncurrent) on the balance sheet.&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;a) Samyang signs an agreement to guarantee a customer’s loan to purchase 400 heads of Samyang’s cattle.&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;- this is a financial guarantee contract, and it is recognized as a liability at its fair value&amp;nbsp; &lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;b) Samyang agrees to provide veterinary services for two years after a calf is purchased.&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;- this warranty service contracr would be recognized as a liability.&lt;br /&gt;the amount recorded reflects&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;&lt;br /&gt;c) A competitor has filed a patent infringement lawsuit, requesting damages of $3 million, for the Samyang’s invention of a new feedstock.&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;- this is a contingent liability, and not recognized as a liability. &lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Classifications of Shareholders’ Equity&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;Shareholders’ equity is divided into:&lt;br /&gt;Contributed Original investment Capital by owners&lt;br /&gt;Retained Amount of earnings Earnings left in the firm after the payment of dividends to the owners &lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;Contributed Capital&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;Contributed Capital is divided into:&lt;br /&gt;1. A par or nominal or stated value of the shares which has a legal definition, and&lt;br /&gt;2. The remaining amount called additional paid-in capital (A.P.I.C.), share premium, or capital contributed in excess of par value.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;자산 개념&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;SPAN title=&quot;Definition -Probable future economic benefit -The firm controls because          of a past event or transaction&amp;#10;&amp;#10;&quot;&gt;정의 - 미래의 경제적 이익 - 과거 사건이나 거래로 인해 회사가 통제 함&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN title=&quot;LIABILITIES&amp;#10;&amp;#10;&quot;&gt;부채&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN title=&quot;Definition– Probable, future sacrifices of economic benefits, arising from present obligations to transfer assets or provide services in the future as a result of a past transaction.&amp;#10;&amp;#10;&quot;&gt;정의 - 과거 거래의 결과로 미래에 자산을 이전하거나 서비스를 제공해야하는 현재 의무로 인해 발생할 수있는 경제적 이익에 대한 미래의 희생입니다.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN title=&quot;Recognition– (a) Represents a present obligation that exists (b) as a result of a past transaction (i.e., the obligating event) and requires probable future economic resources that can be quantified with sufficient reliability&amp;#10;&amp;#10;&quot;&gt;인식 - (a) 과거 거래 (즉, 의무적 인 사건)의 결과로 존재하는 (b) 충분한 신뢰도를 가지고 계량화 될 수있는 미래의 경제적 자원을 필요로하는 현재의 의무를 나타냅니다&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN title=&quot;Measurement – Most liabilities are financial, requiring settlement with cash or other assets&amp;#10;&amp;#10;&quot;&gt;측정 - 대부분의 부채는 금융이거나 현금 또는 기타 자산으로 결제해야합니다.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN title=&quot;Liability Recognition and Measurement Examples&amp;#10;&amp;#10;&quot;&gt;책임 인식 및 측정 예제&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN title=&quot;Let’s again consider the following transactions related to Samyang Ranchers.&amp;#10;&quot;&gt;Samyang Ranchers와 관련된 다음 거래를 다시 고려해 보겠습니다.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN title=&quot;For each, we will decide whether the transaction gives rise to a liability under U.S. GAAP and IFRS.&amp;#10;&quot;&gt;각각에 대해 미국 GAAP 및 IFRS에 따라 거래가 부채를 발생시키는 지 여부를 결정할 것입니다.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN title=&quot;If Samyang recognizes a liability, state the account title, the amount, and the classification (current or noncurrent) on the balance sheet.&amp;#10;&amp;#10;&quot;&gt;삼양사가 책임을 인정하는 경우 대차 대조표에 계좌 명, 금액 및 분류 (현행 또는 비유 현)를 기재하십시오.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN title=&quot;a)  Samyang agrees to sell 100 head of cattle for $500,000 to another rancher, when the cattle reach the age of 12 months.&quot;&gt;a) 삼양은 가축이 12 개월에 도달했을 때 100,000 마리의 가축을 50 만 달러에 다른 목장에 판매하는 것에 동의한다. &lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN title=&quot;The calves are currently two months of age.&amp;#10;&amp;#10;&quot;&gt;송아지는 현재 2 개월 째입니다.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN title=&quot;- no recognized&amp;#10;&amp;#10;&quot;&gt;- 인식되지 않음&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN title=&quot;b) The rancher in part (a) paid Samyang $200,000 in advance on the agreement in part (a).&amp;#10;&amp;#10;&quot;&gt;b) 파트 (a)의 목장주는 파트 (a)에서 합의에 앞서 삼양에게 200,000 달러를 지불했다.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN title=&quot;-&amp;#10;&amp;#10;&quot;&gt;-&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN title=&quot;c) Samyang borrowed $150,000 from the local bank to purchase additional feed.&quot;&gt;c) Samyang은 지역 은행으로부터 15 만 달러를 빌려 추가 사료를 구매했다. &lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN title=&quot;The terms of the loan call for the loan to be paid in equal installments over the next three years.&amp;#10;&amp;#10;&quot;&gt;대출 기간은 향후 3 년 동안 균등 분할로 지불해야합니다.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN title=&quot;-&amp;#10;&amp;nbsp;&quot;&gt;-&lt;br /&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN title=&quot;50,000&amp;#10;&quot;&gt;50,000&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN title=&quot;100,000 / 150,000&amp;#10;&amp;#10;&quot;&gt;100,000 / 150,000&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN title=&quot;d) Samyang sold 10,000 shares of its common stock for $6 per share.&amp;#10;&amp;#10;&quot;&gt;d) Samyang은 보통주 10,000 주를 주당 6 달러에 판매했습니다.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN title=&quot;e) In exchange for an automatic salt dispenser, Samyang agrees to pay the vendor of this equipment $260,000 within 60 days.&amp;#10;&amp;#10;&quot;&gt;e) 자동 소금 분배기와 교환하여 삼양은 60 일 이내에이 장비의 공급 업체에게 26 만 달러를 지불하기로 동의합니다.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN title=&quot;- vendor 260 / cl 260,000&amp;#10;&amp;#10;&quot;&gt;- 공급 업체 260 / cl 260,000&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN title=&quot;----&amp;#10;&amp;#10;&quot;&gt;----&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN title=&quot;Contingencies&amp;#10;&amp;#10;&quot;&gt;비상 사태&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN title=&quot;Liabilities that are of uncertain timing or amount or both are referred to in U.S. GAAP as&amp;#10;&quot;&gt;불확실한시기 또는 금액의 부채는 미국 GAAP에서 다음과 같이 언급됩니다.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN title=&quot;LOSS CONTINGENCIES&amp;#10;&quot;&gt;손실 준비&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN title=&quot;-No precise threshold;&quot;&gt;정확하지 않은 문턱 값; &lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN title=&quot;practice indicates approximately 80%.&amp;#10;&amp;#10;&amp;#10;&quot;&gt;연습은 약 80 %를 나타냅니다.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN title=&quot;IFRS refers to them as PROVISIONS&amp;#10;&quot;&gt;IFRS는 그것들을 조항 (PROVISIONS)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN title=&quot;- IFRS: Defines probable as more likely than not, which implies more than 50%.&amp;#10;&amp;#10;&quot;&gt;- IFRS : 50 % 이상을 의미하는 가능성이 있음을 확률 적으로 정의합니다.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN title=&quot;Contingencies and Commitments Examples&amp;#10;&amp;#10;&quot;&gt;비상 사태와 약속&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN title=&quot;Let’s consider the following transactions related to Samyang Ranchers.&amp;#10;&quot;&gt;Samyang Ranchers와 관련된 다음 거래를 고려해 보겠습니다.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN title=&quot;For each, we will decide whether the transaction gives rise to a liability under U.S. GAAP and IFRS.&amp;#10;&quot;&gt;각각에 대해 미국 GAAP 및 IFRS에 따라 거래가 부채를 발생시키는 지 여부를 결정할 것입니다.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN title=&quot;If Samyang recognizes a liability, state the account title, the amount, and the classification (current or noncurrent) on the balance sheet.&amp;#10;&amp;#10;&quot;&gt;삼양사가 책임을 인정하는 경우 대차 대조표에 계좌 명, 금액 및 분류 (현행 또는 비유 현)를 기재하십시오.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN title=&quot;a) Samyang signs an agreement to guarantee a customer’s loan to purchase 400 heads of Samyang’s cattle.&amp;#10;&amp;#10;&quot;&gt;a) Samyang은 고객에게 Samyang의 소 400 명의 머리를 구입할 수 있도록 보증하기로 합의했다.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN title=&quot;- this is a financial guarantee contract, and it is recognized as a liability at its fair value&amp;#10;&amp;#10;&quot;&gt;- 이것은 금융 보증 계약이며, 공정 가치로 부채로 인식됩니다&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN title=&quot;b) Samyang agrees to provide veterinary services for two years after a calf is purchased.&amp;#10;&amp;#10;&quot;&gt;b) 삼양은 종아리를 구입 한 후 2 년간 수의과 서비스를 제공하기로 동의한다.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN title=&quot;- this warranty service contracr would be recognized as a liability.&amp;#10;&quot;&gt;-이 보증 서비스 계약은 책임으로 인정됩니다.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN title=&quot;the amount recorded reflects&quot;&gt;기록 된 금액이 반영됩니다&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;&lt;SPAN title=&quot;the amount recorded reflects&quot;&gt;&lt;/SPAN&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/P&gt;&lt;SPAN title=&quot;the amount recorded reflects&quot;&gt;
&lt;DIV id=gt-res-dir-ctr class=trans-verified-button-small dir=ltr&gt;&lt;SPAN id=gt-res-error style=&quot;DISPLAY: none&quot;&gt;&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN lang=ko id=result_box&gt;&lt;SPAN&gt;c) 경쟁 업체가 삼양사가 새로운 원료를 발명 한 데 대해 3 백만 달러의 손해 배상을 요구하는 특허 침해 소송을 제기했다.&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;SPAN&gt;- 이것은 우발 채무이며, 책임으로 인정되지 않습니다.&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;SPAN&gt;주주 자본 분류&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;SPAN&gt;자기 자본은 다음과 같이 나뉩니다.&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;SPAN&gt;소유주가 제공 한 최초 투자 자본&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;SPAN&gt;이익 잉여금 주주에게 배당금을 지불 한 후 회사에 남은 이익&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;SPAN&gt;기부금&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;SPAN&gt;기부금은 다음과 같이 나뉩니다 :&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;SPAN&gt;1. 법적 정의가있는 주식의 액면가 또는 명목상의 가치&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;SPAN&gt;2. 잔여 금액은 추가 납입 자본 (A.P.I.C.), 주식 발행 초과금 또는 액면 액을 초과하여 출자 된 자본금으로한다.&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN role=button aria-hidden=true id=t-served-community-button class=&quot;trans-verified-button goog-toolbar-button&quot; style=&quot;DISPLAY: none&quot; unselectable=&quot;on&quot;&gt;&lt;SPAN class=jfk-button-img unselectable=&quot;on&quot;&gt;&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;/DIV&gt;
&lt;DIV id=gt-edit style=&quot;DISPLAY: none&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/DIV&gt;
&lt;DIV id=gt-res-tools&gt;
&lt;DIV id=gt-res-tools-l&gt;
&lt;DIV id=gt-pb-star&gt;
&lt;DIV role=button tabIndex=0 aria-label=저장됨 aria-hidden=false class=&quot;goog-toolbar-button goog-inline-block trans-pb-button&quot; unselectable=&quot;on&quot; data-tooltip-align=&quot;t,c&quot; data-tooltip=&quot;저장됨&quot;&gt;&lt;SPAN class=jfk-button-img unselectable=&quot;on&quot;&gt;&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;/DIV&gt;&lt;/DIV&gt;
&lt;DIV role=button tabIndex=0 aria-label=복사하기 aria-hidden=false id=gt-res-copy class=&quot;copy-button goog-toolbar-button&quot; unselectable=&quot;on&quot; data-tooltip-align=&quot;t,c&quot; data-tooltip=&quot;복사하기&quot;&gt;&lt;SPAN class=jfk-button-img unselectable=&quot;on&quot;&gt;&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;/DIV&gt;
&lt;DIV role=button tabIndex=0 aria-label=듣기 aria-hidden=false aria-pressed=false id=gt-res-listen class=&quot;trans-listen-button goog-toolbar-button&quot; unselectable=&quot;on&quot; data-tooltip-align=&quot;t,c&quot; data-tooltip=&quot;듣기&quot;&gt;&lt;SPAN class=jfk-button-img unselectable=&quot;on&quot;&gt;&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;/DIV&gt;
&lt;DIV role=button tabIndex=0 aria-label=공유 aria-hidden=false id=gt-res-share class=&quot;share-button goog-toolbar-button&quot; unselectable=&quot;on&quot; data-tooltip-align=&quot;t,c&quot; data-tooltip=&quot;공유&quot;&gt;&lt;SPAN class=jfk-button-img unselectable=&quot;on&quot;&gt;&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;/DIV&gt;&lt;/DIV&gt;&lt;/DIV&gt;&lt;/SPAN&gt;</description>
      <author>탐나는</author>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://jejulawyer.tistory.com/183</guid>
      <comments>https://jejulawyer.tistory.com/183#entry183comment</comments>
      <pubDate>Mon, 27 Feb 2017 11:11:00 +0900</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>zara</title>
      <link>https://jejulawyer.tistory.com/182</link>
      <description>&lt;P&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;br /&gt;1) What are some fundamentals in fashion business,&amp;nbsp; &lt;br /&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; particularly in SPA (Specialty retailer of Private label Apparel)?&amp;nbsp; &lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;- trendy, diverse , cheap &lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;2) What are some unique principles for Zara’s business operation? &lt;br /&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Why does Zara operate that way?&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;- store-&amp;gt; design-&amp;gt; fulfillment(1 week)&lt;br /&gt;-&amp;gt; manufacturing-&amp;gt; delivery &lt;br /&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;br /&gt;3) How about the proposal to upgrade to Window at that time?&amp;nbsp; &lt;br /&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Did Zara have to upgrade? Why or why not?&amp;nbsp; &lt;br /&gt;- to enhance the functionality of pos terminals &lt;br /&gt;- sharing informatin &lt;br /&gt;- futuure treats and risk &lt;br /&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Also validate your suggestions using a financial analysis of IT investment. &lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;&lt;br /&gt;4) Do you recommend to develop new programs&amp;nbsp; &lt;br /&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; such as inventory management system for Zara at that time? Why or why not?&amp;nbsp; &lt;br /&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; What is your opinion about the new system built by Prof Jeremie Gallien (MIT)?&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;&lt;br /&gt;5) Which companies are Zara’s competitors?&amp;nbsp; &lt;br /&gt;-h&amp;amp;m&lt;br /&gt;-uniqlo&lt;br /&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;br /&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; What do you recommend for Zara’s future sustainable growth?&lt;br /&gt;- efficiency&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;&lt;SPAN tabIndex=-1 lang=ko id=result_box&gt;&lt;SPAN&gt;1) 패션 비즈니스의 기본은 무엇입니까?&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &lt;SPAN&gt;특히 SPA (Private label Apparel의 전문 소매점)에서?&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;SPAN&gt;- 유행, 다양하고 값싼&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;SPAN&gt;2) 자라의 사업 운영을위한 몇 가지 고유 한 원칙은 무엇입니까?&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &lt;SPAN&gt;왜 Zara는 그런 식으로 운영됩니까?&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;SPAN&gt;- 상점 -&amp;gt; 디자인 -&amp;gt; 주문 처리 (1 주)&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;SPAN&gt;-&amp;gt; 제조 -&amp;gt; 납품&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;SPAN&gt;3) 당시에 Window로 업그레이드하는 제안은 어떻습니까?&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &lt;SPAN&gt;Zara가 업그레이드해야하나요?&lt;/SPAN&gt; &lt;SPAN&gt;그 이유는 무엇?&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;SPAN&gt;- pos 터미널의 기능을 향상시키기 위해&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;SPAN&gt;- 정보 공유&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;SPAN&gt;- futuure 취급 및 위험&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &lt;SPAN&gt;또한 IT 투자에 대한 재무 분석을 사용하여 제안 사항을 검증하십시오.&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;SPAN&gt;4) 새 프로그램을 개발할 것을 권장합니까?&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &lt;SPAN&gt;그 당시의 Zara를위한 재고 관리 시스템과 같은?&lt;/SPAN&gt; &lt;SPAN&gt;그 이유는 무엇?&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &lt;SPAN&gt;Jeremie Gallien (MIT) 교수가 만든 새로운 시스템에 대한 의견은 어떻습니까?&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;SPAN&gt;5) Zara의 경쟁 업체는 어느 회사입니까?&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;SPAN&gt;-h &amp;amp; m&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;SPAN&gt;- 유니클로&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;br /&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &lt;SPAN&gt;Zara의 향후 지속 가능한 성장을 위해 무엇을 권하고 싶습니까?&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;SPAN&gt;- 효율성&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;SPAN&gt;-&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;/P&gt;</description>
      <category>it경영</category>
      <author>탐나는</author>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://jejulawyer.tistory.com/182</guid>
      <comments>https://jejulawyer.tistory.com/182#entry182comment</comments>
      <pubDate>Thu, 23 Feb 2017 11:09:38 +0900</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>회계 결산</title>
      <link>https://jejulawyer.tistory.com/181</link>
      <description>&lt;p&gt;The Financial Statement Relationships can be summarized as:&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;• After preparing the end-of-period income statement, the accountant transfers the balance in each temporary revenue and expense account to the Retained Earnings account.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;• This procedure is called closing the revenue and expense accounts. After transferring to Retained Earnings, each revenue and expense account is ready to begin the next period with a zero balance.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Basic Transactions That Affect Shareholders’ Equity Accounts Four basic transactions (numbered below) affect shareholders’ equity accounts. &amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;(1) Expense and (2) Revenue Transactions&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;(1)To recognize an expense transaction:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp; Expense xx/ Asset Decrease or Liability Increase (or both) XX&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;(2) To record a revenue transaction:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;Asset Increase or Liability Decrease (or both) &amp;nbsp;XX / Revenue XX&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;(3) Dividend Declaration and Payment&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;(3a) To record the declaration of a dividend by the board of directors:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Retained Earnings &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; XX / Dividend Payable &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; XX&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;(3b) To record the payment of the dividend:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Dividend Payable XX / Cash XX&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;(4) Issues of Capital Stock&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;(4) To record the issuance of capital stock:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Cash XX / Common Stock, at par XX (Additional Paid-in Capital &amp;nbsp; XX)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Posting&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;• After each transaction is recognized by a journal entry, the information is transferred in the accounting system via an activity known as posting.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;• The balance sheet ledger accounts (or permanent accounts) where these are posted begin each period with a balance equal to the ending balance of the previous period.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;• The income statement ledger accounts (or temporary accounts) have zero beginning balances.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;---&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Doosan Ltd. Illustration&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Let’s see how Doosan posts its March 1 purchase of equipment in exchange for a note payable. &amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;March 1, Doosan pays $120,000 for equipment; it finances this purchase by signing a note payable with the bank for 5 years and agreeing to pay interest at the rate of 8% per year. The equipment has a useful life of 10 years and no salvage value.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;---&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Adjusting Entries&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;• There are some journal entries that are not triggered by a transaction or exchange. &amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;• Rather, journal entries known as adjusting entries, result from the passage of time at the end of an accounting period or are used to correct errors (more commonly known as correcting entries).&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;There are Four Basic Types of Adjusting Entries&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;They include: 1. Unearned Revenues 2. Accrued Revenues 3. Prepaid Expenses 4. Accrued Expenses&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;1. Unearned Revenue&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Recall that on Feb. 20, Doosan received $22,000 from a customer for future merchandise shipments. When Doosan delivers half on March 31, the company will recognize the revenue and record the merchandise cost of $5,000.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;2. Accrued Revenues&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Assume that on January 1, 2009, Doosan, Ltd. sold $6,000 of services and allowed a client to pay with a note payable over 12 months time, with interest accruing quarterly payments at a rate of &amp;nbsp;10% per annum. Doosan would record an adjusting entry to recognize interest revenue on March 31 equal to $150 or ($6,000 x 10% x 3/12):&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;3. Prepaid Expense&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Recall Doosan, Ltd. recorded payment of $36,000 on January 11, 2009 for a 12-month rent contract. &amp;nbsp;If Doosan makes an adjusting entry at the end of the quarter for equal allocation of this rent payment, Doosan will record the $9,000 rent expense on March 31, 2009 [or ($36,000/12) x 3 months] as follows:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;4. Accrued Expense&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Doosan Ltd. begins consuming the services of equipment purchased on March 1 for $120,000. Assume that the equipment has a useful life of 10 years, with no salvage value at that time. &amp;nbsp; Doosan’s adjusting entry for the first month of depreciation will be for $1,000 ([$120,000/10 years] x 1/12). Accumulated Depreciation subtracts from the equipment price and therefore is known as a contra account.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Accrued Expense Example&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;In addition to recording depreciation, Doosan Ltd. also must record the accrued interest for March on the bank loan for the equipment. &amp;nbsp;This amounts to: $120,000 x 8% x 1/12 = $800.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;div&gt;재무 제표 관계는 다음과 같이 요약 할 수 있습니다.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;• 회계 연도 종료일 손익 계산서를 작성한 후 회계사는 각 임시 수익 및 비용 계정의 잔액을 이익 잉여금 계정으로 이체합니다.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;•이 절차를 수익 및 비용 계정 폐쇄라고합니다. 이익 잉여금으로 이체 한 후, 각 수익 및 비용 계정은 다음 기간에 잔액을 제로로 시작할 준비가됩니다.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;주주 지분에 영향을 미치는 기본 거래 아래에 열거 된 네 가지 기본 거래는 주주 자본 계정에 영향을 미칩니다.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;(1) 비용 및 (2) 수익 거래&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;(1) 비용 거래를 인식하려면 :&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&amp;nbsp; 비용 xx / 자산 감소 또는 책임 증가 (또는 둘 모두) XX&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;(2) 수익 거래를 기록하려면 :&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&amp;nbsp;자산 증가 또는 책임 감소 (또는 둘 다) XX / 수익 XX&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;(3) 배당금 신고 및 지불&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;(3a) 이사회의 배당 선언을 기록하려면 :&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;이익 잉여금 XX / 배당금 XX&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;(3b) 배당금 지불 기록 :&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;배당금 XX / 현금 XX&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;(4) 자본금 문제&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;(4) 자본금의 발행을 기록한다.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;현금 XX / 보통주, XX 파 (추가 자본금 XX)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;전기&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;• 각 거래가 업무 일지 항목에 의해 인식 된 후에는 정보가 전기로 알려진 활동을 통해 회계 시스템에서 전송됩니다.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;• 전기가 게시 된 대차 대조표 원장 계정 (또는 영구 계정)은 이전 기간의 잔액과 동일한 잔고로 각 기간이 시작됩니다.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;• 손익 계산서 원장 계정 (또는 임시 계정)의 시작 잔고가 0입니다.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;---&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;두산 (주) 일러스트레이션&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;두산이 3 월 1 일 장비 구매 대금을 대납하는 방법을 보겠습니다.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;두산 중공업은 3 월 1 일 장비 구입비로 12 만 달러를 지불합니다. 5 년 동안 은행에 지불 할 노트에 서명하고 1 년에 8 %의 이자율로 지불하기로 동의함으로써이 구매 자금을 조달합니다. 장비의 유효 수명은 10 년이며 회수 가치는 없습니다.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;---&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;항목 조정&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;• 트랜잭션이나 교환에 의해 트리거되지 않는 일부 분개가 있습니다.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;• 조정 항목으로 알려진 업무 일지 항목은 회계 기간이 끝날 때 시간이지나거나 오류를 수정하는 데 사용됩니다 (일반적으로 항목 수정이라고 함).&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;네 가지 기본 유형의 조정 항목이 있습니다.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;1. 불입 수익 2. 미지급 수익 3. 선결제 비용 4. 미지급 비용&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;1. 미지급 수익&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;두산은 2 월 20 일에 향후 상품 발송을 위해 고객으로부터 2 만 2 천 달러를 받았다는 것을 상기하십시오. 두산 중공업이 3 월 31 일에 절반을 납품하면, 매출액을 인식하고 5 천 달러의 상품 원가를 기록하게된다.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;2. 미수 수익&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;두산은 2009 년 1 월 1 일에 6,000 달러의 서비스를 판매하고 고객이 12 개월 동안 지불해야하는 노트를 지불 할 수 있도록했으며, 분기이자는 연 10 %의이자가 발생했다고 가정합니다. 두산은 3 월 31 일이자 수익을 $ 150 또는 ($ 6,000 x 10 % x 3/12)로 인정하는 조정 항목을 기록 할 것입니다.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;3. 선불 비용&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;리콜 ㈜ 두산은 2009 년 1 월 11 일 12 개월 임대 계약으로 36,000 달러를 지불했습니다. 두산 중공업이 분기 임대료를 균등하게 배분할 경우 두산은 2009 년 3 월 31 일 (또는 $ 36,000 / 12) x 3 개월에 9,000 달러의 임대료를 다음과 같이 기록합니다.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;4. 미지급 비용&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;두산은 3 월 1 일에 구입 한 장비를 12 만 달러에 소비하기 시작했다. 장비의 유효 수명은 10 년이며 그 당시에는 회수 가치가 없다고 가정합니다. 두산 중공업은 감가 상각비의 첫 달에 1,000 달러 ([$ 120,000 / 10 년] x 1/12)를 적용 할 것입니다. Accumulated Depreciation은 장비 가격에서 뺍니다. 따라서 감가 상각비 계좌로 알려져 있습니다.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;미지급 비용 예&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;㈜ 두산은 감가 상각비를 기록하는 것 외에도 3 월의 누적이자를 장비의 은행 대출금에 기록해야합니다. 이 금액은 다음과 같습니다 : $ 120,000 x 8 % x 1/12 = $ 800.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;결산 프로세스&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;• 항목을 조정하고 수정 한 후에 손익 계산서를 작성할 수 있습니다.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;• 완료되면 각 임시 수익 및 비용 계정의 잔액을 R / E (Retained Earnings) 계좌로 이체 할 시간입니다. 이를 종결 프로세스라고합니다.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&amp;nbsp;• 각 수익 계좌는 계좌 이체로 인해 0으로 줄어들며 각 계좌는 계좌로 인출되어 0으로 줄어 듭니다.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&amp;nbsp;• 상계 계정 - 이익 잉여금 - 총 수익 금액에 대해 적립되며 총 비용 금액에 대해 차변 기입됩니다.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&amp;nbsp;• 따라서 한 기간 동안의 이익 잉여금 잔액은 총 수익과 총 비용의 차이를 나타냅니다.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;----&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Closing Process&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;• After adjusting and correcting entries are made, the income statement can be prepared.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;• Once completed, it is time to transfer the balance in each temporary revenue and expense account to the Retained Earnings (R/E) account. This is known as the closing process.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;• Each revenue account is reduced to zero by debiting it and each expense account is reduced to zero by crediting it.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;• The offset account—Retained Earnings—is credited for the amount of total revenues and debited for the amount of total expenses.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;• Thus, the balance of ending Retained Earnings for a period shows the difference between total revenues and total expenses.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Closing Process Example&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;(차변)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Sales Revenue &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; 80,000&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Service Revenue 6,000&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Interest Revenue 150&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;(대)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Cost of Goods Sold (40,000 + 5,000) &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; 45,000&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Rent Expense &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp;9,000&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Interest Expense 800&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Depreciation Expense 1,000&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Retained Earnings 30,350&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Based on our original journal entries and adjusting entries, Doosan’s closing entry zeros out any temporary accounts used during the period:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Preparation of the Balance Sheet&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;• After the closing process is completed, the accounts with non-zero balances are all balance sheet accounts.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;• We can use these accounts to prepare the balance sheet at the end of the period.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;• The Retained Earnings (R/E) account will appear with all other balance sheet accounts and now reflects the cumulative effect of transactions affecting that account.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Final Step in Preparing Financial &amp;nbsp;Statements: The Cash Flow Statement&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;• The statement of cash flows (SCF) describes the sources and uses of cash during a period and classifies them into operating, investing, and financing activities.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;• It provides a detailed explanation for the change in the balance of the Cash account during that period.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;• Two approaches can be used to prepare this statement: Direct and Indirect&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;결산 프로세스&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;• 항목을 조정하고 수정 한 후에 손익 계산서를 작성할 수 있습니다.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;• 완료되면 각 임시 수익 및 비용 계정의 잔액을 R / E (Retained Earnings) 계좌로 이체 할 시간입니다. 이를 종결 프로세스라고합니다.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;• 각 수익 계좌는 계좌 이체로 인해 0으로 줄어들며 각 계좌는 계좌로 인출되어 0으로 줄어 듭니다.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;• 상계 계정 - 이익 잉여금 - 총 수익 금액에 대해 적립되며 총 비용 금액에 대해 차변 기입됩니다.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;• 따라서 한 기간 동안의 이익 잉여금 잔액은 총 수익과 총 비용의 차이를 나타냅니다.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;결산 프로세스의 예&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;(차)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;판매 수익 80,000&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;서비스 수익 6,000&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;이자 수익 150&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;(대)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;매출 원가 (40,000 + 5,000) 45,000&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;임대료 9,000&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;이자 비용 800&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;감가 상각비 1,000&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;이익 잉여금 30,350&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;두산의 기존 저널 항목 및 조정 항목을 토대로 해당 기간 동안 사용 된 임시 계좌는 모두 폐지됩니다.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;대차 대조표 준비&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;• 마감 프로세스가 완료되면 잔액이 0 인 계정은 모두 대차 대조표 계정입니다.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;• 우리는이 계정을 사용하여 회계 기간 말에 대차 대조표를 준비 할 수 있습니다.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;• 잔여 이익 (R / E) 계정은 다른 모든 대차 대조표 계정과 함께 표시되며 해당 계정에 영향을주는 트랜잭션의 누적 효과를 반영합니다.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;재무 제표 준비의 최종 단계 : 현금 흐름표 • 현금 흐름표 (SCF)는 한 기간 동안의 현금 출처와 사용을 설명하고 운영, 투자 및 재무 활동으로 분류합니다. • 해당 기간 동안의 현금 계정 잔액 변경에 대한 자세한 설명을 제공합니다. 이 진술을 준비하는 데에는 두 가지 방법이 사용될 수 있습니다. 직접 및 간접&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;----&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Balance Sheet: Presenting and Analyzing Resources and Financing&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Issues to be discussed&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;1. Balance Sheet Equality&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;2. Balance Sheet Classification&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;3. Balance Sheet Format – U.S. GAAP and IFRS&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;4. Asset Recognition and Measurement&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;5. Liability Recognition and Measurement&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;6. Shareholders’ Equity Recognition and Measurement&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;---&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Balance Sheet Equality&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;• The Balance Sheet is one of three principal financial statements.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;• The Balance Sheet reflects the equality of the Balance Sheet Equation:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Assets = Liabilities + Shareholders’ Equity&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;---&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Balance Sheet Classifications&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Items are grouped by category in the balance sheet.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Balance Sheet Format: U.S. GAAP&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;• The typical balance sheet lists assets first, followed by liabilities and shareholders’ equity. • Assets are listed from most liquid to least liquid.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;• Liabilities are listed starting with those that the firm will discharge soonest (the most current or closest to maturity liabilities) and ending with those that it will pay latest (the most noncurrent or distant to maturity liabilities).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;대차 대조표 : 자료 제시 및 자금 조달&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;토론 할 문제&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;1. 대차 대조표 평등&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;2. 대차 대조표 구분&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;3. 대차 대조표 형식 - 미국 GAAP 및 IFRS&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;4. 자산 인식 및 측정&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;5. 책임 인식 및 측정&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;6. 주주의 자기 주식 인식 및 측정&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;---&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;대차 대조표 평등&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;• 대차 대조표는 세 가지 주요 재무 제표 중 하나입니다.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;• 대차 대조표는 대차 대조표 수식의 동일성을 반영합니다.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;자산 = 부채 + 자본&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;---&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;대차 대조표 분류&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;항목은 대차 대조표의 카테고리별로 그룹화됩니다.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;대차 대조표 형식 : 미국 GAAP&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;• 전형적인 대차 대조표는 자산을 먼저 나열한 다음 부채와 자본을 표시합니다. 자산은 대부분의 액체에서 가장 적은 액체까지 나열됩니다.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;• 부채는 회사가 가장 빨리 (가장 최근 또는 만기 부채에 가장 가깝게) 방전하고 가장 늦게 지불 할 부채로 끝나는 것부터 시작됩니다 (가장 비유 성성이거나 먼 성숙한 부채).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;---&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;대차 대조표 형식 : IFRS&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;• IFRS (International Financial Reporting Standards)를 사용하는 회사는 대차 대조표의 주문을 취소 할 수도 있지만, 자산을 최소 액체에서 최대 액체로 목록화할 수는 있지만,&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;부채를 등재하는 데 사용 된 것과 동일한 순서가 있습니다.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;---&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;자산 개념&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;정의 - 미래의 경제적 이익 - 과거 사건이나 거래로 인해 회사가 통제 함&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;정의 - 미래의 경제적 이익의 가능성 - 과거의 사건이나 거래로 인해 기업의 통제권을 인정 받음 - 사용권 - 과거의 거래 결과 - 충분한 신뢰성으로 미래의 이익을 계량화 할 수 있음&lt;/p&gt;</description>
      <category>재무회계</category>
      <author>탐나는</author>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://jejulawyer.tistory.com/181</guid>
      <comments>https://jejulawyer.tistory.com/181#entry181comment</comments>
      <pubDate>Mon, 20 Feb 2017 11:09:31 +0900</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>분개와 t계정</title>
      <link>https://jejulawyer.tistory.com/180</link>
      <description>&lt;p&gt;T-Accounts&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;• A T-account is a device or convention for organizing and accumulating the accounting entries of transactions that affect an individual account, such as Cash, Accounts Receivable, Bonds Payable, or Additional Paid-in Capital.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;---&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Journal Entries (분개)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;While T-accounts are useful to help analyze how individual transactions flow and accumulate within various accounts, journal entries formalize the reasoning that supports the transaction.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;The following standardized format indicates the accounts and amounts, with debits on the first line and credits (indented) on the second line:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;---&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Doosan Ltd. Illustration&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Let’s look at the journal entries made by Doosan Limited (Doosan) for transactions of its first quarter of business, ended March 31, 2009.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;On January 1, Doosan issued 50,000 shares of $1 par value common stock for $200,000 in cash.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;1/1 cash $200/ common stock at par $50&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; additional paid-in cash $150&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;---&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;On January 10, Doosan purchases merchandise inventory costing $60,000 from a supplier, agreeing to pay the supplier in the future.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;10/1 inventory 60 / accounts payable 60&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;---&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;On January 11, Doosan pays $36,000 cash to rent office space, furnishings, and a warehouse for the year ending December 31, 2009. Doosan’s asset here is prepaid rent not the office, furnishings or warehouse.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;1/11 prepaid rent 36 / cash 36&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;---&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;On February 20, Doosan receives $22,000 from a customer for future merchandise shipments. Doosan will deliver half on March 31 and half on June 30.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;2/20 cash 22 / &amp;nbsp;advance from customers 22&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;---&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;March 1, Doosan pays $120,000 for equipment; it finances this purchase by signing a note payable with the bank for 5 years and agreeing to pay interest at the rate of 8% per year. The equipment has a useful life of 10 years and no salvage value.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;3/1 &amp;nbsp;equipment 120 / &amp;nbsp;note payable 120&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;---&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;March 12, Doosan sells merchandise at a selling price of $69,000; the merchandise sold had cost Doosan $40,000. The customer agreed to pay Doosan in the second quarter.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;3/12&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;accounts receivable 69 / sales revenues 69&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;cost of goods sold 40 / inventory 40&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;---&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;March 31, Doosan pays the supplier $24,000 of the amount due for the January 10 transaction.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;account payable 24 / cash 24&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;T- 계정&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;• T- 계정은 현금, 채권, 채권 또는 추가 자본금과 같은 개별 계정에 영향을주는 거래의 회계 항목을 구성하고 축적하는 장치 또는 규칙입니다.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;---&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;저널 항목 (분개)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;T- 계정은 개별 거래가 다양한 계정에서 어떻게 이동하고 축적되는지 분석하는 데 유용하지만 업무 일지 항목은 거래를 지원하는 추론을 형식화합니다.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;다음과 같은 표준화 된 형식은 첫 번째 행에 대한 차변 및 두 번째 행의 크레디트 (들여 쓰기)와 함께 계정 및 금액을 나타냅니다.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;---&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;두산 (주) 일러스트레이션&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;2009 년 3 월 31 일 마감 된 ㈜ 두산 (Doosan Limited)의 1 분기 거래 거래 내역을 살펴 보겠습니다.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;두산은 1 월 1 일에 액면가 기준 보통주 1 만주를 현금 20 만 달러에 5 만주 발행했다.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;1 / 1 현금 $ 200 / 보통주 $ 50&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; 추가 유료 현금 $ 150&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;---&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;두산 중공업은 10 월 1 일 10,000 달러의 제품 재고를 구매하여 향후 공급자에게 비용을 지불하기로 동의했다.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;10/1 인벤토리 60 / 미지급금 60&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;---&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;두산은 2009 년 12 월 31 일까지 1 월 11 일에 사무실 공간, 가구 및 창고를 임대하기 위해 3 만 6,000 달러의 현금을 지불합니다. 두산의 자산은 사무실, 가구 또는 창고가 아닌 선불 임차료입니다.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;선지급 1/11 선불 36 / 현금 36&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;---&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;두산은 2 월 20 일에 향후 상품 발송을 위해 고객으로부터 22,000 달러를받습니다. 두산 중공업은 3 월 31 일에 절반, 6 월 30 일에 절반을 제공 할 것입니다.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;2/20 현금 22 / 고객의 이익 22&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;---&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;두산 중공업은 3 월 1 일 장비 구입비로 12 만 달러를 지불합니다. 5 년 동안 은행에 지불 할 노트에 서명하고 1 년에 8 %의 이자율로 지불하기로 동의함으로써이 구매 자금을 조달합니다. 장비의 유효 수명은 10 년이며 회수 가치가 없습니다.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;3/1 장비 120 / 미지급 120&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;---&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;두산은 3 월 12 일 69,000 달러의 판매 가격으로 상품을 판매합니다. 판매 된 물건의 가격은 두산 $ 40,000이었습니다. 고객은 2 분기에 두산을 지불하기로 동의했습니다.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;3/12&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;매출 채권 69 / 판매 수익 69&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;판매 된 제품의 원가 40 / 재고 40&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;---&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;3 월 31 일 두산은 1 월 10 일 거래 대금으로 24,000 달러를 지불합니다.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;미지급 24 / 현금 24&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Common Income Statement Terms&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;• Revenue or Sales - Assets received in exchange for goods sold and services rendered.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;• Cost of Goods Sold: The cost of products sold.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;• Selling, General, and Administrative (SG&amp;amp;A): costs incurred to sell products/services as well as costs of administration.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;• Research and Development (R&amp;amp;D) Expense: costs incurred to create/develop new products, processes, and services.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;• Interest Income: income earned on amounts lent to others or from investments in interest-yielding securities.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;---&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;The Format of a Typical Income Statement&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Doosan Limited Income Statement For the First Quarter Ended 2009 (in $ millions)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Sales Revenue…. $ &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp;80,000&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Service Revenue… &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp;6,000&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Cost of Goods Sold…. (45,000)&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Selling and Administrative Expenses (10,000)&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Operating Income…………………… &amp;nbsp;31,000 Interest Revenue….. &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp;150&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Interest Expense…. (800)&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Income before Income Taxes…$ &amp;nbsp; 30,350&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;---&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Unique Relationships Exist Between the Balance Sheet and the Income Statement&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;---&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Detailed Form of Accounting Equation&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Assets = Liabilities + Stockholders’ equity&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Stockholders’ equity = Contributed capital + Retained earnings&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Retained earnings = Beginning retained earnings + Net income for the period - Dividends&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Net income = Revenues - Expenses + Gains – Losses&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;---&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Important Account Differences&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;• As you look at these relationships, keep in mind that balance sheet accounts are ★permanent accounts in the sense that they remain open, with nonzero balances, at the end of the reporting period.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;• In contrast, income statement accounts are ★temporary accounts in the sense that they start a period with a zero balance, accumulate information during the reporting period, and have a zero balance at the end of the reporting period.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;일반 손익 계산서 조항&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;• 수익 또는 판매 - 판매 된 상품 및 서비스와 교환하여받은 자산.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;• 판매 된 물품 원가 : 판매 된 제품의 원가.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;• 판매, 일반 및 행정 (SG &amp;amp; A) : 제품 / 서비스 판매 비용 및 관리 비용.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;• 연구 개발 (R &amp;amp; D) 비용 : 신제품, 프로세스 및 서비스를 개발하는 데 소요되는 비용.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;•이자 소득 : 다른 사람에게 빌린 금액 또는이자 수익 증권에 대한 투자로 얻은 소득.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;---&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;전형적인 손익 계산서의 형식&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;2009 년 1 분기에 대한 두산 제한 손익 계산서 (단위 : 백만 달러)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;매출…. $ 80,000&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;서비스 수익 ... 6,000&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;원가 상품 판매 .... (45,000)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;판매 및 관리 비용 (10,000)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;영업 이익 ........................ 31,000이자 수익 ... .. 150&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;이자 비용…. (800)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;소득세 소득 ... $ 30,350&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;---&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;대차 대조표와 손익 계산서의 고유 한 관계가 있음&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;---&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;상세한 회계 방정식&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;자산 = 부채 + 자본 주주 지분&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;주주 자본 = 출자 자본 + 이익 잉여금&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;이익 잉여금 = 당기 순이익 + 당기 순이익 - 배당금&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;순이익 = 매출 - 비용 + 이익 - 손실&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;---&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;중요한 계정 차이점&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;• 이러한 관계를 살펴보면 대차 대조표 계정은보고 기간 말에 영 (0)이 아닌 잔액이 열려 있다는 의미에서 영구 계정입니다.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;• 반면, 손익 계산서 계정은 잔액이 0 인 기간을 시작하고보고 기간 중 정보를 누적하며보고 기간 말에 잔액이 0이라는 점에서 일시적인 계정입니다.&lt;/p&gt;</description>
      <category>재무회계</category>
      <author>탐나는</author>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://jejulawyer.tistory.com/180</guid>
      <comments>https://jejulawyer.tistory.com/180#entry180comment</comments>
      <pubDate>Wed, 15 Feb 2017 10:48:44 +0900</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>복식부기- 발생회계 현금회계</title>
      <link>https://jejulawyer.tistory.com/179</link>
      <description>&lt;P&gt;Cash versus Accrual Accounting&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;Cash basis A firm measures performance from selling goods and providing services as it receives cash from customers and makes cash expenditures to providers of goods and services.&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;&amp;nbsp;Accrual Accounting&lt;br /&gt;A firm recognizes revenue when it sells goods or renders services and recognizes expenses in the period when the firm recognizes the revenues that the costs helped produce.&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;-------------&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;Accruals vs. Cash Problem 1&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;Let’s look at a comparison of how a company would prepare a report under each basis.&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;In September, Sinclair Inc. made sales of $310,000, of which $260,000 were on credit and the rest in cash. The sold merchandise had cost Sinclair $120,000 when it purchased it last month. In September, Sinclair acquired merchandise inventory of $78,000, payable next month to the supplier. Finally, Sinclair incurred salary and rent costs for September of $24,000 and $13,000, respectively; these were paid in cash.&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;Accruals&lt;br /&gt;310,000&lt;br /&gt;(120,000)&lt;br /&gt;(24,000)&lt;br /&gt;(13,000)&lt;br /&gt;-&lt;br /&gt;153,000&lt;br /&gt;=&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;cash &lt;br /&gt;50,000&lt;br /&gt;(24,000)&lt;br /&gt;(13,000)&lt;br /&gt;--------------&lt;br /&gt;13,000&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;------------------------------------------------&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;Accruals vs. Cash Problem 2&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;Let’s look at a comparison of how a company would prepare a report under each basis in multiple year setting.&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;In year 1, Anaheim Ltd. acquired 3 units of merchandise at the price of $1,000 per unit ($1,000 * 3 units = $3,000).&amp;nbsp; &lt;br /&gt;The firm sold one unit each for the next three years at the selling price of $2,000.&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;cash &lt;br /&gt;2,000&lt;br /&gt;(3,000)&lt;br /&gt;-&lt;br /&gt;(1,000)&lt;br /&gt;=&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;accrual&lt;br /&gt;2,000&lt;br /&gt;(1,000)&lt;br /&gt;-&lt;br /&gt;1,000&lt;br /&gt;=&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;----------------------------------------------------&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;The Basics of Record Keeping and Financial Statement Preparatio&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;Four Bookkeeping Concepts&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;1. The dual nature (duality = 복식부기) of transactions and events. &lt;br /&gt;2. The use of T-accounts and journal entries for recording the duality of a transaction or event. &lt;br /&gt;3. The preparation of a simple balance sheet, income statement, and statement of cash flows.&lt;br /&gt;4. The link, or articulation, between the balance sheet and the income statement.&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;-------------------------------------------&lt;br /&gt;Luca Pacioli (복식부기의 아버지)&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;What Is an Account? &lt;br /&gt;How Do You Name Accounts?&lt;br /&gt;What Accounts Make up the Typical Balance Sheet?&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;• An account represents an amount on a line of a balance sheet or income statement (i.e., cash, accounts receivable, etc.).&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;• There is not a master list to define these accounts since they are customized to fit each specific business’s needs. &lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;• Accountants typically follow a conventional naming system for accounts, which increases communication&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;---------------------------------------------------&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;The Balance Sheet&lt;br /&gt;Basic Accounting Equation&lt;br /&gt;Assets =&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Liabilities +&amp;nbsp; Stockholders’ Equity&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;Current assets and current liabilities • Receipt or payment of assets that the firm expects will occur within one year or one operating cycle&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;Noncurrent assets and noncurrent liabilities • Firm expects to collect or pay these more than one year after the balance sheet date&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;---------------------------------&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;Duality Effects of the Balance Sheet&amp;nbsp; Equation&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;Assets&amp;nbsp; =&amp;nbsp; Liabilities + Shareholders’ Equit&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;Any single event or transaction will have one of the following four effects or some combination of these effects: &lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;1. INCREASE an asset and INCREASE either a liability or shareholders’ equity. &lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;2. DECREASE an asset and DECREASE either a liability or shareholders’ equity. &lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;3. INCREASE one asset and DECREASE another asset. &lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;4. INCREASE one liability or shareholders’ equity and DECREASE another liability or shareholders’ equity.&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;&lt;SPAN title=&quot;Cash versus Accrual Accounting&amp;#10;&amp;#10;&quot;&gt;현금 대 발생 회계&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN title=&quot;Cash basis A firm measures performance from selling goods and providing services as it receives cash from customers and makes cash expenditures to providers of goods and services.&amp;#10;&amp;#10;&amp;nbsp;&quot;&gt;현금 기준 기업은 고객이 현금을 수령하고 상품 및 서비스 제공자에게 현금 지출을함으로써 상품 판매 및 서비스 제공으로 성과를 측정합니다.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN title=&quot;Accrual Accounting&amp;#10;&quot;&gt;발생 회계&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN title=&quot;A firm recognizes revenue when it sells goods or renders services and recognizes expenses in the period when the firm recognizes the revenues that the costs helped produce.&amp;#10;&amp;#10;&quot;&gt;회사는 제품을 판매하거나 서비스를 렌더링 할 때 수익을 인식하고 비용이 창출되는 수익을 회사가 인식 한 기간에 비용을 인식합니다.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN title=&quot;-------------&amp;#10;&amp;#10;&quot;&gt;-------------&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN title=&quot;Accruals vs. Cash Problem 1&amp;#10;&amp;#10;&quot;&gt;발생액 대 현금 문제 1&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN title=&quot;Let’s look at a comparison of how a company would prepare a report under each basis.&amp;#10;&amp;#10;&quot;&gt;회사가 각 기준에 따라 보고서를 준비하는 방법을 비교해 봅시다.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN title=&quot;In September, Sinclair Inc. made sales of $310,000, of which $260,000 were on credit and the rest in cash.&quot;&gt;9 월 Sinclair Inc.는 310,000 달러의 매출을 올렸으며 그 중 260,000 달러가 신용 상태이고 나머지는 현금으로 처리되었습니다. &lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN title=&quot;The sold merchandise had cost Sinclair $120,000 when it purchased it last month.&quot;&gt;지난 달에 구입했을 때 판매 된 제품의 가격은 Sinclair $ 120,000이었습니다. &lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN title=&quot;In September, Sinclair acquired merchandise inventory of $78,000, payable next month to the supplier.&quot;&gt;9 월 Sinclair는 다음 달에 7 만 8 천 달러의 상품 재고를 공급 업체에 인수했습니다. &lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN title=&quot;Finally, Sinclair incurred salary and rent costs for September of $24,000 and $13,000, respectively;&quot;&gt;마지막으로 Sinclair는 9 월에 2 만 4 천 달러와 1 만 3 천 달러의 봉급 및 임대 비용을 부담했습니다. &lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN title=&quot;these were paid in cash.&amp;#10;&amp;#10;&quot;&gt;이들은 현금으로 지불했다.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN title=&quot;Accruals&amp;#10;&quot;&gt;발생액&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN title=&quot;310,000&amp;#10;&quot;&gt;310,000&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN title=&quot;(120,000)&amp;#10;&quot;&gt;(120,000)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN title=&quot;(24,000)&amp;#10;&quot;&gt;(24,000)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN title=&quot;(13,000)&amp;#10;&quot;&gt;(13,000)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN title=&quot;-&amp;#10;&quot;&gt;-&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN title=&quot;153,000&amp;#10;&quot;&gt;153,000&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN title=&quot;=&amp;#10;&amp;#10;&quot;&gt;=&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN title=&quot;cash&amp;#10;&quot;&gt;현금&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN title=&quot;50,000&amp;#10;&quot;&gt;50,000&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN title=&quot;(24,000)&amp;#10;&quot;&gt;(24,000)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN title=&quot;(13,000)&amp;#10;&quot;&gt;(13,000)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN title=&quot;--------------&amp;#10;&quot;&gt;--------------&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN title=&quot;13,000&amp;#10;&amp;#10;&quot;&gt;13,000&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN title=&quot;------------------------------------------------&amp;#10;&amp;#10;&quot;&gt;------------------------------------------------&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN title=&quot;Accruals vs. Cash Problem 2&amp;#10;&amp;#10;&quot;&gt;발생액 대 현금 문제 2&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN title=&quot;Let’s look at a comparison of how a company would prepare a report under each basis in multiple year setting.&amp;#10;&amp;#10;&quot;&gt;여러 해 동안 회사가 각 기준에 따라 보고서를 작성하는 방법을 비교해 봅시다.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN title=&quot;In year 1, Anaheim Ltd. acquired 3 units of merchandise at the price of $1,000 per unit ($1,000 * 3 units = $3,000).&amp;#10;&quot;&gt;1 년차에 Anaheim Ltd.는 단위당 1,000 달러 ($ 1,000 * 3 단위 = 3,000 달러)의 가격으로 3 단위 상품을 구입했습니다.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN title=&quot;The firm sold one unit each for the next three years at the selling price of $2,000.&amp;#10;&amp;#10;&quot;&gt;이 회사는 향후 3 년간 각각 1 대씩 2,000 달러의 판매 가격으로 판매했습니다.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN title=&quot;cash&amp;#10;&quot;&gt;현금&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN title=&quot;2,000&amp;#10;&quot;&gt;2,000&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN title=&quot;(3,000)&amp;#10;&quot;&gt;(3,000)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN title=&quot;-&amp;#10;&quot;&gt;-&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN title=&quot;(1,000)&amp;#10;&quot;&gt;(1,000)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN title=&quot;=&amp;#10;&amp;#10;&quot;&gt;=&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN title=&quot;accrual&amp;#10;&quot;&gt;발생액&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN title=&quot;2,000&amp;#10;&quot;&gt;2,000&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN title=&quot;(1,000)&amp;#10;&quot;&gt;(1,000)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN title=&quot;-&amp;#10;&quot;&gt;-&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN title=&quot;1,000&amp;#10;&quot;&gt;1,000&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN title=&quot;=&amp;#10;&amp;#10;&quot;&gt;=&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN title=--------------------------------------------------&gt;-------------------------------------------------- &lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN title=&quot;--&amp;#10;&amp;#10;&quot;&gt;-&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN title=&quot;The Basics of Record Keeping and Financial Statement Preparatio&amp;#10;&amp;#10;&quot;&gt;기록 보관 및 재무 제표 작성의 기본&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN title=&quot;Four Bookkeeping Concepts&amp;#10;&amp;#10;&quot;&gt;4 가지 부기 개념&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN title=&quot;1. The dual nature (duality = 복식부기) of transactions and events.&amp;#10;&quot;&gt;1. 트랜잭션 및 이벤트의 이중 성 (이중성 = 복식 부기).&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN title=&quot;2. The use of T-accounts and journal entries for recording the duality of a transaction or event.&amp;#10;&quot;&gt;2. 트랜잭션 또는 이벤트의 이중성을 기록하기 위해 T 계정 및 업무 일지 항목 사용.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN title=&quot;3. The preparation of a simple balance sheet, income statement, and statement of cash flows.&amp;#10;&quot;&gt;3. 간단한 대차 대조표, 손익 계산서 및 현금 흐름표 작성.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN title=&quot;4. The link, or articulation, between the balance sheet and the income statement.&amp;#10;&amp;#10;&quot;&gt;4. 대차 대조표와 손익 계산서 사이의 연결 또는 연결.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN title=&quot;-------------------------------------------&amp;#10;&quot;&gt;-------------------------------------------&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN title=&quot;Luca Pacioli (복식부기의 아버지)&amp;#10;&amp;#10;&quot;&gt;루카 Pacioli (부식 부기의 아버지)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN title=&quot;What Is an Account?&amp;#10;&quot;&gt;계정이란 무엇입니까?&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN title=&quot;How Do You Name Accounts?&amp;#10;&quot;&gt;계정 이름은 어떻게 지정합니까?&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN title=&quot;What Accounts Make up the Typical Balance Sheet?&amp;#10;&amp;#10;&quot;&gt;어떤 계정이 전형적인 대차 대조표를 구성합니까?&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN title=&quot;• An account represents an amount on a line of a balance sheet or income statement (i.e., cash, accounts receivable, etc.).&amp;#10;&amp;#10;&quot;&gt;• 계좌는 대차 대조표 또는 손익 계산서의 한 라인 (예 : 현금, 매출 채권 등)의 금액을 나타냅니다.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN title=&quot;• There is not a master list to define these accounts since they are customized to fit each specific business’s needs.&amp;#10;&amp;#10;&quot;&gt;• 특정 비즈니스의 요구에 맞게 사용자 정의되므로 이러한 계정을 정의하는 마스터 목록이 없습니다.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN title=&quot;• Accountants typically follow a conventional naming system for accounts, which increases communication&amp;#10;&amp;#10;&quot;&gt;• 회계 담당자는 일반적으로 계정에 대한 기존 명명 체계를 따르므로 통신이 향상됩니다&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN title=--------------------------------------------------&gt;-------------------------------------------------- &lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN title=&quot;-&amp;#10;&amp;#10;&quot;&gt;-&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN title=&quot;The Balance Sheet&amp;#10;&quot;&gt;대차 대조표&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN title=&quot;Basic Accounting Equation&amp;#10;&quot;&gt;기본 회계 방정식&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN title=&quot;Assets =   Liabilities +  Stockholders’ Equity&amp;#10;&amp;#10;&quot;&gt;자산 = 부채 + 주주 지분&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN title=&quot;Current assets and current liabilities • Receipt or payment of assets that the firm expects will occur within one year or one operating cycle&amp;#10;&amp;#10;&quot;&gt;유동 자산 및 유동 부채 • 회사가 1 년 또는 1 회 운영 사이클 이내에 발생할 것으로 예상되는 자산의 수령 또는 지불&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN title=&quot;Noncurrent assets and noncurrent liabilities • Firm expects to collect or pay these more than one year after the balance sheet date&amp;#10;&amp;#10;&quot;&gt;고정 자산과 비유동 부채 • 회사는 대차 대조표 일 후 1 년이 경과 할 때이를 징수하거나 지불 할 것으로 예상합니다&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN title=&quot;---------------------------------&amp;#10;&amp;#10;&quot;&gt;---------------------------------&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN title=&quot;Duality Effects of the Balance Sheet  Equation&amp;#10;&amp;#10;&quot;&gt;대차 대조표 수식의 이중성 효과&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN title=&quot;Assets  =  Liabilities + Shareholders’ Equit&amp;#10;&amp;#10;&quot;&gt;자산 = 부채 + 주주 지분&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN title=&quot;Any single event or transaction will have one of the following four effects or some combination of these effects:&amp;#10;&amp;#10;&quot;&gt;단일 이벤트 또는 거래에는 다음 4 가지 효과 중 하나 또는 이러한 효과의 일부 조합이 있습니다.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN title=&quot;1. INCREASE an asset and INCREASE either a liability or shareholders’ equity.&amp;#10;&amp;#10;&quot;&gt;1. 자산을 늘리고 부채 또는 자본을 증가 시키십시오.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN title=&quot;2. DECREASE an asset and DECREASE either a liability or shareholders’ equity.&amp;#10;&amp;#10;&quot;&gt;2. 자산을 감면하고 부채 또는 자본을 감소 시키십시오.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN title=&quot;3. INCREASE one asset and DECREASE another asset.&amp;#10;&amp;#10;&quot;&gt;3. 한 자산을 늘리고 다른 자산을 줄입니다.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN title=&quot;4. INCREASE one liability or shareholders’ equity and DECREASE another liability or shareholders’ equity.&amp;#10;&amp;#10;&quot;&gt;4. 하나의 책임이나 자본을 증가시키고 다른 책임이나 자본을 감소 시키십시오.&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;&lt;SPAN title=&quot;4. INCREASE one liability or shareholders’ equity and DECREASE another liability or shareholders’ equity.&amp;#10;&amp;#10;&quot;&gt;&lt;/SPAN&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;&lt;SPAN title=&quot;4. INCREASE one liability or shareholders’ equity and DECREASE another liability or shareholders’ equity.&amp;#10;&amp;#10;&quot;&gt;-----------------------------------------------------&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;&lt;SPAN title=&quot;4. INCREASE one liability or shareholders’ equity and DECREASE another liability or shareholders’ equity.&amp;#10;&amp;#10;&quot;&gt;&lt;/SPAN&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;&lt;SPAN title=&quot;4. INCREASE one liability or shareholders’ equity and DECREASE another liability or shareholders’ equity.&amp;#10;&amp;#10;&quot;&gt;&lt;/SPAN&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/P&gt;&lt;SPAN title=&quot;4. INCREASE one liability or shareholders’ equity and DECREASE another liability or shareholders’ equity.&amp;#10;&amp;#10;&quot;&gt;
&lt;P&gt;&lt;br /&gt;An Example of Dual Effects&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;To understand the dual effects of various transactions on the balance sheet equation, let’s look at the first two transactions for Doosan Limited (Doosan) for their first quarter of business, ended March 31, 2009:&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;&lt;br /&gt;1. On January 1, Doosan issued 50,000 shares of $1 par value common stock for $200,000 in cash.&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;2. On January 10, Doosan purchases merchandise inventory costing $60,000 from a supplier, agreeing to pay the supplier in the future.&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;-------------------------------------&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;T-Accounts&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;• A T-account is a device or convention for organizing and accumulating the accounting entries of transactions that affect an individual account, such as Cash, Accounts Receivable, Bonds Payable, or Additional Paid-in Capital.&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;----------------------------------------&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;Debit (차변) vs. Credit (대변)&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;A debit indicates: &lt;br /&gt;1) an increase in an asset, &lt;br /&gt;2)&amp;nbsp; a decrease in a liability, or &lt;br /&gt;3) a decrease in a shareholders’ equity item.&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;A credit indicates: &lt;br /&gt;1) a decrease in an asset, &lt;br /&gt;2) an increase in a liability, or &lt;br /&gt;3) an increase in a shareholders’ equity item.&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;&lt;SPAN tabIndex=-1 lang=ko id=result_box&gt;&lt;SPAN title=&quot;An Example of Dual Effects&amp;#10;&amp;#10;&quot;&gt;이중 효과의 예&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN title=&quot;To understand the dual effects of various transactions on the balance sheet equation, let’s look at the first two transactions for Doosan Limited (Doosan) for their first quarter of business, ended March 31, 2009:&amp;#10;&amp;#10;&amp;#10;&quot;&gt;대차 대조표의 방정식에 대한 다양한 거래의 이중 효과를 이해하기 위해 2009 년 3 월 31 일 마감 된 1 사분기의 두산 (Doosan)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN title=&quot;1. On January 1, Doosan issued 50,000 shares of $1 par value common stock for $200,000 in cash.&amp;#10;&amp;#10;&quot;&gt;1. 1 월 1 일 두산은 액면가 $ 1의 보통주 50,000 주를 현금 20 만 달러에 발행했습니다.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN title=&quot;2. On January 10, Doosan purchases merchandise inventory costing $60,000 from a supplier, agreeing to pay the supplier in the future.&amp;#10;&amp;#10;&quot;&gt;2. 1 월 10 일 두산 중공업은 공급 업체로부터 6 만 달러의 물품 재고를 구매하여 향후 공급자에게 비용을 지불하기로 동의했습니다.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN title=&quot;-------------------------------------&amp;#10;&amp;#10;&quot;&gt;-------------------------------------&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN title=&quot;T-Accounts&amp;#10;&amp;#10;&quot;&gt;T- 계정&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN title=&quot;• A T-account is a device or convention for organizing and accumulating the accounting entries of transactions that affect an individual account, such as Cash, Accounts Receivable, Bonds Payable, or Additional Paid-in Capital.&amp;#10;&amp;#10;&quot;&gt;• T- 계정은 현금, 채권, 채권 또는 추가 자본금과 같은 개별 계정에 영향을주는 거래의 회계 항목을 구성하고 축적하는 장치 또는 규칙입니다.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN title=&quot;----------------------------------------&amp;#10;&amp;#10;&quot;&gt;----------------------------------------&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN title=&quot;Debit (차변) vs. Credit (대변)&amp;#10;&amp;#10;&quot;&gt;차변 (차변) 대 신용 (대변)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN title=&quot;A debit indicates:&amp;#10;&quot;&gt;차변은 다음을 나타냅니다.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN title=&quot;1) an increase in an asset,&amp;#10;&quot;&gt;1) 자산의 증가,&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN title=&quot;2)  a decrease in a liability, or&amp;#10;&quot;&gt;2) 책임의 감소, 또는&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN title=&quot;3) a decrease in a shareholders’ equity item.&amp;#10;&amp;#10;&quot;&gt;3) 자기 자본 항목 감소.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN title=&quot;A credit indicates:&amp;#10;&quot;&gt;신용 표시 :&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN title=&quot;1) a decrease in an asset,&amp;#10;&quot;&gt;1) 자산 감소,&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN title=&quot;2) an increase in a liability, or&amp;#10;&quot;&gt;2) 책임의 증가, 또는&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN title=&quot;3) an increase in a shareholders’ equity item.&quot;&gt;3) 자기 자본 항목 증가.&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN title=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;/P&gt;</description>
      <category>재무회계</category>
      <author>탐나는</author>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://jejulawyer.tistory.com/179</guid>
      <comments>https://jejulawyer.tistory.com/179#entry179comment</comments>
      <pubDate>Mon, 13 Feb 2017 11:43:41 +0900</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>BASIC FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 재무회계 기본개념</title>
      <link>https://jejulawyer.tistory.com/178</link>
      <description>&lt;P&gt;1. BASIC FINANCIAL STATEMENTS&lt;br /&gt;(1) Income Statement&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;• Sometimes called the statement of profit and loss (P&amp;amp;L) by firms applying IFRS&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;• Provides information on profitability &lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;• May use the terms net income, earnings, and profit interchangeably &lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;• Reports amounts for a period of time – Typically one year &lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;• Is represented by the Basic Income Equation: Net Income = Revenues – Expenses&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;(2) Revenues and Expenses&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;• Revenues (also known as sales, sales revenue, or turnover, a term used by some firms reporting under IFRS) measure the inflows of assets (or reductions in liabilities) from selling goods and providing services to customers. &lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;• Expenses measure the outflow of assets (or increases in liabilities) used in generating revenues&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;(3) Statement of Cash Flows&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;• The statement of cash flows (also called the cash flow statement) reports information about cash generated from or used by: – operating, – investing, and – financing activities during specified time periods. &lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;The statement of cash flows (SCF) shows where the firm obtains or generates cash and where it spends or uses cash.&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;(4) Statement of Shareholders’ Equity&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;• This statement displays components of shareholders’ equity, including common shares and retained earnings, and changes in those components.&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;&lt;br /&gt;---------------------------------------------&lt;br /&gt;The Conceptual Framework&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;&lt;br /&gt;FASB board members make standard-setting decisions guided by a conceptual framework that addresses:&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;1. Objectives of financial reporting.&lt;br /&gt;- to provide information to current and potential investors, creditors, and others to assist them in making resource allocation decisions.&lt;br /&gt;2. Qualitative characteristics of accounting information including the relevance, reliability, and comparability of data. &lt;br /&gt;3. Elements of the financial statements. &lt;br /&gt;4. Recognition and measurement issues.&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;&lt;br /&gt;----------------------------------------&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;Basic Accounting Conventions and Concepts&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;• Recognition and realization are two fundamental accounting concepts.&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;Recognition&lt;br /&gt;items are depicted in words and numbers on the face of the financial statements, with amounts included in the totals, and must meet certain conditions&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;Realization refers to converting a noncash item to cash—for example, collecting an account receivable.&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;EXAMPLE: The firm recognizes revenue when it ships the goods but realizes revenue when it collects the cash.&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;• Materiality is the qualitative concept that financial reports need not include items that are so small as to be meaningless to users of the reports.&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;• The accounting period convention refers to the uniform length of accounting reporting periods.&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;• Interim reports are often prepared for periods shorter than a year. However, preparing interim reports does not eliminate the need to prepare an annual report.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;&lt;SPAN title=&quot;1. BASIC FINANCIAL STATEMENTS&amp;#10;&quot;&gt;1. 기본 재무 제표&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN title=&quot;(1) Income Statement&amp;#10;&amp;#10;&quot;&gt;(1) 손익 계산서&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN title=&quot;• Sometimes called the statement of profit and loss (P&amp;amp;L) by firms applying IFRS&amp;#10;&amp;#10;&quot;&gt;• 때로는 기업이 IFRS를 적용하여 손익 계산서라고도합니다.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN title=&quot;• Provides information on profitability&amp;#10;&amp;#10;&quot;&gt;• 수익성에 대한 정보 제공&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN title=&quot;• May use the terms net income, earnings, and profit interchangeably&amp;#10;&amp;#10;&quot;&gt;• 당기 순이익, 소득 및 이익을 상호 교환하여 사용할 수 있습니다&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN title=&quot;• Reports amounts for a period of time – Typically one year&amp;#10;&amp;#10;&quot;&gt;• 일정 기간 동안 금액보고 - 일반적으로 1 년&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN title=&quot;• Is represented by the Basic Income Equation: Net Income = Revenues – Expenses&amp;#10;&amp;#10;&quot;&gt;• 기본 소득 공식으로 표현됩니다 : 순소득 = 수익 - 비용&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN title=&quot;(2) Revenues and Expenses&amp;#10;&amp;#10;&quot;&gt;(2) 수입과 지출&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN title=&quot;• Revenues (also known as sales, sales revenue, or turnover, a term used by some firms reporting under IFRS) measure the inflows of assets (or reductions in liabilities) from selling goods and providing services to customers.&amp;#10;&amp;#10;&quot;&gt;• 매출 (매출액, 판매 수익 또는 매출액이라고도 알려져 있으며 일부 IFRS보고 회사에서 사용하는 용어)은 자산 판매 (또는 부채 감면)를 상품 판매 및 고객 서비스 제공에서 측정합니다.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN title=&quot;• Expenses measure the outflow of assets (or increases in liabilities) used in generating revenues&amp;#10;&amp;#10;&quot;&gt;• 비용은 수익 창출에 사용되는 자산의 유출 (또는 부채 증가)을 측정합니다.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN title=&quot;(3) Statement of Cash Flows&amp;#10;&amp;#10;&quot;&gt;(3) 현금 흐름표&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN title=&quot;• The statement of cash flows (also called the cash flow statement) reports information about cash generated from or used by: – operating, – investing, and – financing activities during specified time periods.&amp;#10;&amp;#10;&quot;&gt;• 현금 흐름표 (현금 흐름표라고도 함)는 지정된 기간 동안 운영, 투자 및 자금 조달 활동에서 생성되거나 사용 된 현금에 관한 정보를보고합니다.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN title=&quot;The statement of cash flows (SCF) shows where the firm obtains or generates cash and where it spends or uses cash.&amp;#10;&amp;#10;&quot;&gt;현금 흐름표 (SCF)는 회사가 현금을 얻거나 생성하는 곳과 현금을 지출 또는 사용하는 곳을 보여줍니다.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN title=&quot;(4) Statement of Shareholders’ Equity&amp;#10;&amp;#10;&quot;&gt;(4) 자본 계정&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN title=&quot;• This statement displays components of shareholders’ equity, including common shares and retained earnings, and changes in those components.&amp;#10;&amp;#10;&amp;#10;&quot;&gt;•이 계산서는 보통주 및 이익 잉여금을 포함한 자본의 구성 요소와 그 구성 요소의 변화를 표시합니다.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN title=&quot;---------------------------------------------&amp;#10;&quot;&gt;---------------------------------------------&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN title=&quot;The Conceptual Framework&amp;#10;&amp;#10;&amp;#10;&quot;&gt;개념 프레임 워크&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN title=&quot;FASB board members make standard-setting decisions guided by a conceptual framework that addresses:&amp;#10;&amp;#10;&quot;&gt;FASB 이사회 멤버는 다음을 다루는 개념적 프레임 워크에 따라 표준 설정 결정을 내립니다.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN title=&quot;1. Objectives of financial reporting.&amp;#10;&quot;&gt;1. 재무보고의 목적.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN title=&quot;- to provide information to current and potential investors, creditors, and others to assist them in making resource allocation decisions.&amp;#10;&quot;&gt;- 현재 및 잠재적 투자자, 채권자 및 기타 사람들에게 자원 배분 결정을 돕기위한 정보를 제공하는 것.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN title=&quot;2. Qualitative characteristics of accounting information including the relevance, reliability, and comparability of data.&amp;#10;&quot;&gt;2. 데이터의 관련성, 신뢰성 및 비교 가능성을 포함한 회계 정보의 정 성적 특성.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN title=&quot;3. Elements of the financial statements.&amp;#10;&quot;&gt;3. 재무 제표의 요소.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN title=&quot;4. Recognition and measurement issues.&amp;#10;&amp;#10;&amp;#10;&quot;&gt;4. 인식 및 측정 문제.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN title=&quot;----------------------------------------&amp;#10;&amp;#10;&quot;&gt;----------------------------------------&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN title=&quot;Basic Accounting Conventions and Concepts&amp;#10;&amp;#10;&quot;&gt;기본 회계 컨벤션 및 개념&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN title=&quot;• Recognition and realization are two fundamental accounting concepts.&amp;#10;&amp;#10;&quot;&gt;• 인식과 실현은 두 가지 기본적인 회계 개념이다.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN title=&quot;Recognition&amp;#10;&quot;&gt;인식&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN title=&quot;items are depicted in words and numbers on the face of the financial statements, with amounts included in the totals, and must meet certain conditions&amp;#10;&amp;#10;&quot;&gt;항목은 총계에 포함 된 금액과 함께 재무 제표의 단어 및 숫자로 표시되며 특정 조건을 충족해야합니다&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN title=&quot;Realization refers to converting a noncash item to cash—for example, collecting an account receivable.&amp;#10;&amp;#10;&quot;&gt;실현이란 현금 이외의 항목을 현금으로 변환하는 것을 말합니다. 예를 들어 미수금을 수금합니다.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN title=&quot;EXAMPLE: The firm recognizes revenue when it ships the goods but realizes revenue when it collects the cash.&amp;#10;&amp;#10;&quot;&gt;예 : 회사는 물건을 출하 할 때 수익을 인식하지만 현금을 수령 할 때 수익을 실현합니다.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN title=&quot;• Materiality is the qualitative concept that financial reports need not include items that are so small as to be meaningless to users of the reports.&amp;#10;&amp;#10;&quot;&gt;• 중대성 (Materiality)은 재무 보고서에 보고서의 사용자가 의미가 없도록 작게 포함 할 필요가없는 질적 개념입니다.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN title=&quot;• The accounting period convention refers to the uniform length of accounting reporting periods.&amp;#10;&amp;#10;&quot;&gt;• 회계 기간 협약은 일정 기간의 회계보고 기간을 나타냅니다.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN title=&quot;• Interim reports are often prepared for periods shorter than a year.&quot;&gt;• 중간 보고서는 종종 1 년보다 짧은 기간 동안 준비됩니다. &lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN title=&quot;However, preparing interim reports does not eliminate the need to prepare an annual report.&amp;#10;&amp;#10;&amp;#10;&quot;&gt;그러나 중간 보고서를 준비한다고해서 연례 보고서를 작성할 필요가 없습니다.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;/P&gt;</description>
      <category>재무회계</category>
      <author>탐나는</author>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://jejulawyer.tistory.com/178</guid>
      <comments>https://jejulawyer.tistory.com/178#entry178comment</comments>
      <pubDate>Mon, 13 Feb 2017 10:32:24 +0900</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>회계 방정식 구성 요소 Accounting Equation Components</title>
      <link>https://jejulawyer.tistory.com/177</link>
      <description>&lt;P&gt;Common Financial Reporting Conventions&lt;br /&gt;(1) the accounting period (or the length of time covered by the financial statements), The most common interval for external reporting is the fiscal year.&lt;br /&gt;(2) the number of reporting periods included in a given financial statement presentation, Both U.S. GAAP and IFRS require firms to include results for multiple reporting periods in each report.&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;(3) the monetary amounts, This includes measuring units, like thousands, millions, or&amp;nbsp; billions, and the currency, such as dollars ($), euros (€), Swedish kronor (SEK) or Korean won (KRW).&lt;br /&gt;(4) the terminology and level of detail in the financial statements U.S. GAAP and IFRS contain broad guidance on what the financial statements must contain, but neither system completely specifies the level of detail or the names of accounts. Therefore, some variation occurs. &lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;A Balance Sheet:&lt;br /&gt;&amp;nbsp;• is also known as a statement of financial position; &lt;br /&gt;• provides information at a point in time; &lt;br /&gt;• lists the firm’s assets, liabilities, and shareholders’ equity and provides totals and subtotals; and &lt;br /&gt;• can be represented as the Basic Accounting Equation. Assets = Liabilities + Shareholders’ Equit&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;Accounting Equation Components&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;Assets &lt;br /&gt;are economic resources with the potential to provide future economic benefits to a firm. Examples: Cash, Accounts Receivable, Inventories,&amp;nbsp; Buildings, Equipment, intangible assets (like Patents)&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;Liabilities&lt;br /&gt;&amp;nbsp;are creditors’ claims for funds, usually because they have provided funds, or goods and services, to the firm.&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Examples: Accounts Payable, Unearned Income, Notes Payable, Buildings, Accrued Salaries &lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;Shareholders’ Equity&lt;br /&gt;&amp;nbsp;shows the amounts of funds owners have provided and, in parallel, their claims on the assets of a firm. Examples: Common Stock, Contributed Capital, Retained Earnings&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;Retained earnings &lt;br /&gt;represent the net assets (= total assets – total liabilities) a firm derives from its earnings that exceed the dividends it has distributed to shareholders since its formation. (An amount of assets equal to retained earnings does not appear on any single line on the balance sheet.)&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;Balance Sheet Classification and Aggregatio&lt;br /&gt;Both U.S. GAAP and IFRS require balance sheets separation of current items from noncurrent items. Separate sections include:&lt;br /&gt; Current assets represent assets that a firm expects to turn into cash, or sell, or consume within approximately one year from the date of the balance sheet (i.e., accounts receivable and inventory). &lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;&amp;nbsp;Current liabilities represent obligations a firm expects to pay within one year (i.e., accounts payable and salaries payable). &lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;Noncurrent assets are typically held and used for several years (i.e., land, buildings, equipment, patents, long-term security investments).  &lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;Noncurrent liabilities and shareholders’ equity are sources of funds where the supplier of funds does not expect to receive them all back within the next year.&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;Both U.S. GAAP and IFRS use two conceptual bases to measure the monetary amounts on the balance sheet:&lt;br /&gt;&amp;nbsp;• The historical amount reflects the acquisition cost of assets or the amount of funds originally obtained from creditors or owners, or&lt;br /&gt;&amp;nbsp;• The current amount reflects fair value as of the balance sheet date.&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;&lt;SPAN tabIndex=-1 lang=ko id=result_box&gt;&lt;SPAN title=&quot;Common Financial Reporting Conventions&amp;#10;&quot;&gt;일반적인 재무보고 협약&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN title=&quot;(1) the accounting period (or the length of time covered by the financial statements), The most common interval for external reporting is the fiscal year.&amp;#10;&quot;&gt;(1) 회계 기간 (또는 재무 제표에서 다루는 기간). 가장 일반적으로 외부보고 기간은 회계 연도입니다.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN title=&quot;(2) the number of reporting periods included in a given financial statement presentation, Both U.S. GAAP and IFRS require firms to include results for multiple reporting periods in each report.&amp;#10;&amp;#10;&quot;&gt;(2) 특정 재무 제표 표시에 포함 된보고 기간 수 미국 GAAP 및 IFRS 모두 기업이 각 보고서에 여러보고 기간에 대한 결과를 포함하도록 요구합니다.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN title=&quot;(3) the monetary amounts, This includes measuring units, like thousands, millions, or  billions, and the currency, such as dollars ($), euros (€), Swedish kronor (SEK) or Korean won (KRW).&amp;#10;&quot;&gt;(3) 화폐 금액에는 수천, 수백만 또는 수십억과 같은 측정 단위와 달러 ($), 유로 (€), 스웨덴 크로나 (SEK) 또는 원화 (KRW)와 같은 통화가 포함됩니다.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN title=&quot;(4) the terminology and level of detail in the financial statements U.S. GAAP and IFRS contain broad guidance on what the financial statements must contain, but neither system completely specifies the level of detail or the names of accounts.&quot;&gt;(4) 재무 제표의 용어 및 세부 수준 미국 GAAP 및 IFRS에는 재무 제표에 포함되어야하는 것에 대한 광범위한 지침이 포함되어 있지만 어느 시스템도 세부 수준이나 계정 이름을 완전히 지정하지는 않습니다. &lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN title=&quot;Therefore, some variation occurs.&amp;#10;&amp;#10;&quot;&gt;따라서 약간의 차이가 발생합니다.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN title=&quot;A Balance Sheet:&amp;#10;&amp;nbsp;&quot;&gt;대차 대조표 :&lt;br /&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN title=&quot;• is also known as a statement of financial position;&amp;#10;&quot;&gt;• 재무 상태 보고서로도 알려져 있습니다.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN title=&quot;• provides information at a point in time;&amp;#10;&quot;&gt;• 특정 시점에 정보를 제공합니다.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN title=&quot;• lists the firm’s assets, liabilities, and shareholders’ equity and provides totals and subtotals;&quot;&gt;• 회사의 자산, 부채 및 자본을 나열하고 합계와 소계를 제공합니다. &lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN title=&quot;and&amp;#10;&quot;&gt;과&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN title=&quot;• can be represented as the Basic Accounting Equation.&quot;&gt;• 기본 회계 방정식으로 나타낼 수 있습니다. &lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN title=&quot;Assets = Liabilities + Shareholders’ Equit&amp;#10;&amp;#10;&quot;&gt;자산 = 부채 + 주주 지분&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN title=&quot;Accounting Equation Components&amp;#10;&amp;#10;&quot;&gt;회계 방정식 구성 요소&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN title=&quot;Assets&amp;#10;&quot;&gt;자산&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN title=&quot;are economic resources with the potential to provide future economic benefits to a firm.&quot;&gt;미래의 경제적 이익을 기업에 제공 할 잠재력을 가진 경제적 자원이다. &lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN title=&quot;Examples: Cash, Accounts Receivable, Inventories,  Buildings, Equipment, intangible assets (like Patents)&amp;#10;&amp;#10;&quot;&gt;예 : 현금, 채권, 재고 자산, 건물, 장비, 무형 자산 (특허와 같은)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN title=&quot;Liabilities&amp;#10;&amp;nbsp;&quot;&gt;부채&lt;br /&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN title=&quot;are creditors’ claims for funds, usually because they have provided funds, or goods and services, to the firm.&quot;&gt;일반적으로 자금이나 재화와 용역을 회사에 제공했기 때문에 채권자의 자금 청구. &lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN title=&quot;Examples: Accounts Payable, Unearned Income, Notes Payable, Buildings, Accrued Salaries&amp;#10;&amp;#10;&quot;&gt;예 : 채무, 선납금, 미지급금, 건물, 미지급 급여&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN title=&quot;Shareholders’ Equity&amp;#10;&amp;nbsp;&quot;&gt;주주 지분&lt;br /&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN title=&quot;shows the amounts of funds owners have provided and, in parallel, their claims on the assets of a firm.&quot;&gt;소유주가 제공 한 금액과 동시에 회사 자산에 대한 소유권을 보여줍니다. &lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN title=&quot;Examples: Common Stock, Contributed Capital, Retained Earnings&amp;#10;&amp;#10;&quot;&gt;예 : 보통주, 출자 자본, 이익 잉여금&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN title=&quot;Retained earnings&amp;#10;&quot;&gt;이익 잉여금&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN title=&quot;represent the net assets (= total assets – total liabilities) a firm derives from its earnings that exceed the dividends it has distributed to shareholders since its formation.&quot;&gt;은 기업이 설립 된 이래로 주주들에게 배당 한 배당금을 초과하는 이익에서 얻은 순자산 (= 총자산 - 총 부채)을 나타냅니다. &lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN title=&quot;(An amount of assets equal to retained earnings does not appear on any single line on the balance sheet.)&amp;#10;&amp;#10;&quot;&gt;(이익 잉여금과 동일한 액수는 대차 대조표의 한 줄에 표시되지 않습니다.)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN title=&quot;Balance Sheet Classification and Aggregatio&amp;#10;&quot;&gt;대차 대조표 분류 및 집계&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN title=&quot;Both U.S. GAAP and IFRS require balance sheets separation of current items from noncurrent items.&quot;&gt;미국 GAAP 및 IFRS 모두 비대칭 항목과 현재 항목의 대차 대조표 분리가 필요합니다. &lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN title=&quot;Separate sections include:&amp;#10;&quot;&gt;별도의 섹션이 포함됩니다.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN title=&quot; Current assets represent assets that a firm expects to turn into cash, or sell, or consume within approximately one year from the date of the balance sheet (i.e., accounts receivable and inventory).&quot;&gt;현재 자산은 회사가 현금으로 전환하거나 대차 대조표 (예 : 미수금 및 재고)로부터 약 1 년 이내에 판매하거나 판매 할 것으로 예상하는 자산을 나타냅니다. &lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN title=&quot;&amp;#10;&amp;#10;&amp;nbsp;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN title=&quot;Current liabilities represent obligations a firm expects to pay within one year (i.e., accounts payable and salaries payable).&amp;#10;&amp;#10;&quot;&gt;현재 부채는 회사가 1 년 이내에 지불해야 할 의무 (즉, 미지급금 및 급여)를 나타냅니다.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN title=&quot;Noncurrent assets are typically held and used for several years (i.e., land, buildings, equipment, patents, long-term security investments).&quot;&gt;비유동 자산은 일반적으로 수년 (예 : 토지, 건물, 장비, 특허, 장기 보안 투자) 보유되어 사용됩니다. &lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN title=&quot;&amp;#10;&amp;#10;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN title=&quot;Noncurrent liabilities and shareholders’ equity are sources of funds where the supplier of funds does not expect to receive them all back within the next year.&amp;#10;&amp;#10;&quot;&gt;비유동 부채와 자본은 기금 공급자가 내년 내에 모든 자금을 회수 할 것으로 기대하지 않는 자금의 원천입니다.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN title=&quot;Both US GAAP and IFRS use two conceptual bases to measure the monetary amounts on the balance sheet: • The historical amount reflects the acquisition cost of assets or the amount of funds originally obtained from creditors or owners, or • The current amount reflects fair value as&quot;&gt;US GAAP과 IFRS 모두 대차 대조표상의 화폐 성 금액을 측정하기 위해 두 가지 개념 기반을 사용합니다. • 역사적 금액은 자산의 취득 원가 또는 채권자 또는 소유주로부터 원래 확보 한 자금 금액을 반영합니다. • 현재 금액은 다음과 같이 공정 가치를 반영합니다. &lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN title=&quot;of the balance sheet date.&quot;&gt;대차 대조표 일의&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN title=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/P&gt;</description>
      <category>재무회계</category>
      <author>탐나는</author>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://jejulawyer.tistory.com/177</guid>
      <comments>https://jejulawyer.tistory.com/177#entry177comment</comments>
      <pubDate>Wed, 8 Feb 2017 11:04:30 +0900</pubDate>
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